Pencil.



A' .Patented January 31, 1905.

, UNITED STATES PATENT 'OFFICE CARL RITTER VON SCHEBINITZKY, OF VIENNA,l AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

y PENCIL.

SIECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 781,557,` dated January 31, 1905. Application filed April 26. 190:1. Serial No. 205,029. l

To "JZ 117mm, it may concern.'

Be it known that l, .AuL Rrrra vox Scnmrxrrxkr. gentleman, asubject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary. residing at Vienna.

5 in the Province of Lower Austria and Empire of Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pencils, of which the following is a specification.

)Iy invention relates to improvements in l lead-pencils and so-called colored pencils with fixed or movablel leads or the like.

ln the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a. front view of the drying-mold. and Fig. Q is a. view of a mold for pressing the pencils into I 5 hexagonal shape.

According to this invention the pencils are manufactured with jackets consisting of naturally-grown or artiiicially-forccd sticks from which the pith has been removed by boring,

2O the graphittl or other coloring material being inserted in place of the pith. For the manufacture of the pencils` dry or wet sticks can be used and the sticks can be made of circular or hexagonal cross-section. 1f sticks dried in the air are used, they are cut into pieces corresponding in length to the pencils to be made, and the said pieces are heated and straightened and then longitudinally bored out by means of a borer or wire the point of which is heated by an electric current. Into the holes bored are placed wires, which are heated electrically or by means of lire. so that the heat causes the wood to expand, whereupon the leads can be easily inserted. \\"lien the sticks become cool again, the wood contracts, vand the lead is thus held fast, so that the use of adhesive vmaterial can be dispensed with. if fresh-cut green sticks are used, they are also cut into the requisite lengths and straightcned, whereupon they are. bored outby means of an ordinaryy borer, and the lead is immediately inserted. To prevent the warping of the sticks during the drying, the pencils are inserted into elastic molds, as shown in Fig. 1.

This mold consists of an inner split ring c and an outer ring b, having arms e e' secured thereto. These arms are connected together by a coiled spring a, which tends to pull the arms together. After the mold is filled with the pencils it is closed and placed in a dryingmachine.- During the drying the wood contracts.l and the object of the springs a is to continuously compress the mold, so that the sticks are held closely together and prevented from warping. The shrinking of the wood causes the leadsto be gripped. The pencils are then ready forvuse; but to give them a more elegant appearance they can be ground smooth and polished.l The sticks can also be colored by impregnating the wood in the known manner; lbut this must be done directly after the stickshave been cut into the proper length for pencils. The wet colored sticks are then treated as described above.

The following method is adapted for producing pencils of hexagonal shape: Fresh-cut green sticks are cut into the proper length for pencils and accurately sorted according to thickness with the aid of a wire gage. The buds or the like 'on the sticks are carefully 70 removed, (cut out,) and cut sticks of equal thickness thus prepared are placed in a boiler into which liq'uid-coloring-matter for impreguating the sticks can be introduced, if desired.

In the said boiler the sticks are steamed at a pressure amounting to from three to four atmospheres, by which means they are rendered as soft as beet-root. The sticks are. then bored out, and the leads are inserted. To prevent the adhesion of the sticks to each other, 30 they are coated with grease or glycerin and placed in a press-mold. One form of pressmold for this` purpose is shown in Fig. 2 of. the drawings, the mold being in this case similar in shape` to that shown in Fig. l, but provided with a screw-tln-eaded bolt C in place of springs in view of the large amount of pressure required. The empty spaces at the circumference of the mold are lilled by means of sutablesections d of sticks in or- 9o der to obtain asuniform pressure as possible for the purpose of preserving the graphite or the like. By the screwing up of the mold the soft sticks are compressed, as it were, into a compact mass, and thus molded or pressed into hexagonalvshapes, as in the case of a' hone vcou1b. AThe filled molds are placed into a drying apparatus, and at intervals during the drying the clamping-screws of the mold are tightened up'. Thismethod is adaptedfor IOO simultaneously pressing or molding a large number of sticks.

The sticks can obviousl)v 1 also be molded separately into hexagonalf sha-pes, and this can easilyv be effected by means l Y Having now described my invent-ion, what l claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the Unit-ed States, is*

naturally-grown stick from which the pit-h has been removed and a core otl writing material I subst-antiall \v as described.

described manner being of course dispensed with. tion ot' the movable leads.

,Vith this method of manufacture it is unnccessary'to make the wooden jacket of the These sticks are reborcd for the recepi naturally-grown stlek and inserting a core of pencil in two parts, so that the cost of manufacture is considerably reduced and a large Saving of wood is effected. The fact that the wood is in one piece also facilitates the sharpening of the pencil, since the fibers all lie in the same direction.

in the hole left by the removal of the pith,

The herein-described method ot' making pencils consisting 1n removmg the [nth from a writing material in place of the pith.v

In witness whereof 1 have hereunto set my hand 1n presence of two witnesses.

CARL RITTER TON SCHEHNITZKY 'tnesses:

HANS PAPPEXHEIM, ALvEs'ro S. HooUn.

1. A pencil havineits casingt'ormed from a 

